Are Prisons Effective? Essay -- Papers Criminal System Jail Prison Cri

Are Prisons Effective? Imprisonment; is it beneficial or non-beneficial? This argument is presented from the viewpoint of both sides of this issue. One group, "The Council on Crime in America", is pro-incarceration; while on the other side of this issue, " The National Criminal Justice Commission", is con-incarceration. Both sides have presented their viewpoints clearly and factually. Those who are for incarceration present their opinions in such a way as to sway the reader toward accepting what they say as the only answer to fight back against the growing crime rate. If the prisoners are locked up in prisons, then they cannot commit crimes. Moreover, they feel that the criminals can be rehabilitated behind bars. Also, they view imprisonment as a deterrent against future crimes. For example, if a law-breaker sees his friend imprisoned for a crime he committed, then the other party will be less willing to break the law and end up in prison as well. Furthermore, punishment itself would satisfy most of society when the criminal is imprisoned. Prison offers law-breakers a chance to receive drug treatment, educational benefits, and as stated before, a chance at rehabilitation. Also, incarceration costs less than leaving criminals out of prisons because the cost of housing inmates is less than the cost of their crimes incur. Plus, those in favor of imprisonment state that most inmates are repeat offenders that have probably committed many crimes that they have not even been caught committing. For example, some people feel that "low level drug dealers" should not be imprisoned, but these so called "low level drug dealers" usually can be credited with other crimes. Pro-incarceration feels that putting these crimi... ...obbers must be incarcerated, but the balance of non-violent criminals does not treat every criminal the same. More minorities and poor whites end up behind bars than those who can afford a high priced lawyer. Moreover, only the strong survive in prison while the weak or new prisoners are subject to rape, robbery and beatings. Thus, inmates must resort to survival tactics just to get by from day to day. This makes a non-violent offender worse than before he or she arrived at prison. Prisoners who have committed the same exact crimes do not always get the same time serve. Prisoners get humiliated besides being punished. When these prisoners are released, they must rebuild their self-esteem and families. Plus, if imprisonment was meant to be a deterrent against crime, why are there so many other criminals ready to take over for the criminal who is incarcerated.

Marketing Success Factors of Coca-Cola Company Essay

1.0 Executive Summary This report was commissioned to analyze the ten marketing success factors of Coca-Cola Company and suggest Coca-Cola Company on how to solve the problems that had been faces. The research shows on how Coca-Cola Company achieves their success in nowadays by marketing success factors. The ten marketing success factors of Coca-Cola Company are market research, market analysis, selecting target market, SWOT analysis, marketing mix, positioning, factors that influencing customer choice, innovation, brand development strategy and implementing, monitoring, controlling. Further investigation reveal that the market problems of Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola Company has facing market problems such as health effect, competitors and environmental impact. Based on the study, we recommended Coca-Cola Company solve their health problem by launch sugar free, sugar less, low-calorie and no-calorie product. We recommended Coca-Cola Company solve their competitors problem by understand the culture of a country and launch a product that has not launched by others competitors before. Finally, we recommended Coca-Cola Company solve their environmental impact by using recycle plastic in their bottle. 2.0 Business Overview 2.1 History of Coca-Cola Company Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants, and vending machines in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company of Atlanta, Georgia. Coca-Cola Enterprises, established in 1986, is a young company by the standards of the Coca-Cola system. Yet each of its franchises has a strong heritage in the traditions of Coca-Cola that is the foundation for this company. The Coca-Cola company traces it’s beginning to 1886, when an Atlanta pharmacist, Dr. John Pemberton, began to produce Coca-Cola syrup for sale in fountain drinks. However the bottling business began in 1899 when two Chattanooga businessmen, Benjamin F. Thomas and Joseph B. White head, secured the exclusive rights to bottle and sell Coca-Cola for most of the United States from The Coca-Cola Company. The Coca-Cola bottling system continued to operate as independent, local businesses until the early 1980s when bottling franchises began to consolidate. In 1986, The Coca-Cola Company merged some of its company-owned operations with two large ownership groups that were for sale, the John T.Lupton franchises and BCI Holding Corporation’s bottling holdings, to form Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. The Company offered its stock to the public on November 21, 1986, at a split-adjusted price of $5.50 a share. On an annual basis, total unit case sales were 880,000 in 1986. In December 1991, a merger between Coca-Cola Enterprises and the Johnston Coca-Cola Bottling Group, Inc. (Johnston) created a larger, stronger Company, again helping accelerate bottler consolidation. As part of the merger, the senior management team of Johnston assumed responsibility for managing the Company, and began a dramatic, successful restructuring in 1992.Unit case sales had climbed to 1.4 billion, and total revenues were $5 billion. 2.2 Mission of the Coca-Cola Company A mission statement is a statement of the purpose of a company or organization. The mission statement should guide the actions of the organization, spell out its overall goal, provide a path, and guide decision-making. Coca-Cola Company Roadmap starts with their mission, which is enduring. It declares their purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which they weigh their actions and decisions. The mission of Coca-Cola Company is to refresh the world, to inspire moments of optimism and happiness, and to create value and make a difference. In order to achieve these missions, Coca-Cola Company must create value for all the constraints they serve, including their consumers, their customers, their bottlers, and their communities. The Coca-Cola Company creates value by executing comprehensive business strategy guided by six key beliefs which are consumer demand drives everything they do, brand Coca-Cola is the core of their business. Besides, they will serve consumers a broad selection of the nonalcoholic ready-to–drink beverages they want to drink throughout the day. They will be the best marketers in the world. They will think and act locally and lastly they will lead as a model corporate citizen. 2.3 Target Market of Coca-Cola Company The Coca-Cola Company’s beverages are generally for all consumers. However, there are some brands, which target specific consumers. For example, Coca-Cola’s diet soft drinks are targeted at consumers who are older in age, between the years of 25 and 39. PowerAde sports water target those who are fit, healthy and do sport. Winnie the Pooh sipper cap Juice Drink target children between the ages 5-12. This type of market approach refers to market segmentation. The Coca- Cola Company when advertising has a primary target market of those who are 13-24, and a secondary market of 10-39. 3.0 Marketing Success Factors of Coca-Cola Company 3.1 Market Research When attempting to implement a new Marketing plan a business must address its target market and conduct the relevant information to insure the new marketing plan both differs from the old and is better for the business. When conducting market research a business must first define the problem and then gather the appropriate information to solve the problem. There are 3 types of information a business can gather to solve its problems. First type is Exploratory Research which clarifies the problem and searches for ways to address it. Second type is Descriptive Research that used to measure and describe things like the market potential for a product and characteristics of the target market. Lastly is Casual Research which used to test a hypothesis about a cause and effect relationship. Coca-Cola Company through its market research has addressed all three types of research to define the problem raised by shareholders and gathered information to serve their needs. 3.2 Market Analysis The market analysis investigates both the internal and external business environment. It is vital that Coca-Cola carefully monitor both the internal and external aspects regarding its business as both the internal and external environment and their respective influences will be decisive traits in relation to Coca-Cola’s success and survival in the soft drink industry. The Internal Business Environment and its influence is that which is to some extent within the business’s control. The main attributes in the internal environment include efficiency in the production process, through management skills and effective communication channels. To effectively control and monitor the internal business environment, Coca-Cola must conduct continual appraisals of the business’s operations and readily act upon any factors, which cause inefficiencies in any phase of the production and consumer process. The External Business Environment and its influences are usually powerful forces that can affect a whole industry and, in fact, a whole economy. Changes in the external environment will create opportunities or threats in the market place Coca-Cola must be aware off. Fluctuations in the economy, changing customer attitudes and values, and demographic patterns heavily influence the success of Coca-Cola’s products on the market and the reception they receive from the consumers. 3.3 Selecting Target Market Once the situation analysis is complete, and the marketing objectives determined, attention turns to the target market. The soft drink market is very large, and the business cannot be â€Å"all things to all people†, so it must choose which market segments have the greatest potential. The target market is the group of customers on whom the business focuses attention. The target market is where Coca-Cola focuses its marketing efforts as it feels this is where it will be most productive and successful. The target market for Coca-Cola is very wide as it satisfies the needs for many different consumers, ranging from the healthy diet consciousness through Diet Coca-Cola to the average human through its best selling drink regular Coca-Cola. Most Coca-Cola products satisfy all age groups as it is proven that most people of different age groups consume the Coca-Cola product. This market is relatively large and is open to both genders, thereby allowing greater product diversification. There are four broad ways which Coca-Cola can segment its market is Mass marketing, Concentrated marketing, Differentiated marketing, Niche marketing The most apparent method used by Coca-Cola is with no doubt the differentiated marketing method as Coke satisfy’s a range of different markets. Diet coke satisfy’s the weight consciousness, regular Coke, Sprite, Fanta the average human, coffee, iced tea etc. Each group of beverages satisfies a particular group of people but majority the average human. 3.4 SWOT Analysis SWOT stands for Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats. SWOT analysis is a technique much used in much general management as well as marketing scenarios. SWOT consists of examining the current activities of the organization- its Strengths and Weakness- and then using this and external research data to set out the Opportunities and Threats that exist. The Strength of Coca-Cola has been a complex part of world culture for a very long time. The product’s image is loaded with over-romanticizing, and this is an image many people have taken deeply to heart. The Coca-Cola image is displayed on T-shirts, hats, and collectible memorabilia. This extremely recognizable branding is one of Coca-Cola’s greatest strengths. Additionally, Coca-Cola’s bottling system is one of their greatest strengths. It allows them to conduct business on a global scale while at the same time maintain a local approach. The bottling companies are locally owned and operated by independent business people who are authorized to sell products of the Coca-Cola Company. Because Coca-Cola does not have outright ownership of its bottling network, its main source of revenue is the sale of concentrate to its bottlers. Weaknesses for any business need to be both minimized and monitored in order to effectively achieve productivity and efficiency in their business’s activities, Coca-Cola is no exception. Although domestic business as well as many international markets is thriving, Coca-Cola has recently reported some â€Å"declines in unit case volumes in Indonesia and Thailand due to reduced consumer purchasing power.† Coca-Cola on the other side has effects on the teeth which is an issue for health care. It also has got sugar by which continuous drinking of Coca-Cola may cause health problems. Being addicted to Coca-Cola also is a health problem, because drinking of Coca-Cola daily has an effect on your body after few years. The Opportunities for Coca-Cola is brand. Brand recognition is the significant factor affecting Coke’s competitive position. Coca-Cola’s brand name is known well throughout 94% of the world today. The primary concern over the past few years has been to get this name brand to be even better known. Packaging changes have also affected sales and industry positioning, but in general, the public has tended not to be affected by new products. Coca-Cola’s bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Coke the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse area. Currently, the Threat of new viable competitors in the carbonated soft drink industry is not very substantial. The threat of substitutes, however, is a very real threat. The soft drink industry is very strong, but consumers are not necessarily married to it. Possible substitutes that continuously put pressure on both Pepsi and Coke include tea, coffee, juices, milk, and hot chocolate. Even though Coca-Cola and Pepsi control nearly 40% of the entire beverage market, the changing health-consciousness of the market could have a serious affect. Of course, both Coca-Cola and Pepsi have already diversified into these markets, allowing them to have further significant market shares and offset any losses incurred due to fluctuations in the market. Consumer buying power also represents a key threat in the industry. The rivalry between Pepsi and Coca-Cola has produce a very slow moving industry in which management must continuously respond to the changing attitudes and demands of their consumers or face losing market share to the competition. Furthermore, consumers can easily switch to other beverages with little cost or consequence. 3.5 Marketing Mix The marketing mix is probably the most crucial stage of the marketing planning process. This is where the marketing tactics for each product are determined. The marketing mix refers to the combination of the four factors which are price, promotion, product, and place that make up the core of a business’s marketing strategy. In this step of the marketing planning process, marketing mix must be designed to satisfy the wants of target markets and achieve the marketing objectives. The most successful businesses have continually monitored and changed their marketing mix due to respective internal and external factors and have monitored the external business environment in order to maximize their marketing mix components. First factor of marketing mix is product. Many Products are physical objects that you can own and take home. But the word product means much more than just physical goods. In marketing, product also refers to services, such as holidays or a movie, where you enjoy the benefits without owning the result of the service. Businesses must think about products on three different levels, which are the core product, the actual product and the augmented product. The core product is what the consumer is actually buying and the benefits it gives. Coca-Cola customers are buying a wide range of soft drinks. The actual product is the parts and features, which deliver the core product. Consumers will buy the Coca-Cola product because of the high standards and high quality of the products. The augmented product is the extra consumer benefits and services provided to customers. Since soft drinks are a consumable good, the augmented level is very limited. But Coca Cola do offer a help line and complaint phone service for customers who are not satisfied with the product or wish to give feedback on the products. Second factor or marketing mix is price. Price is a very important part of the marketing mix as it can affect both the supply and demand for Coca-Cola. The price of Coca-Cola products is one of the most important factors in a customer decision to buy. Price will often be the difference that will push a customer to buy our product over another, as long as most things are fairly similar. For this reason pricing policies need to be designed with consumers and external influences in mind, in order to effectively achieve a stable balance between sales and covering the production costs. Price strategies are important to Coca-Cola because the price determines the amount of sales and profit per unit sold. Businesses have to set a price that is attractive to their customers and provides the business with a good level of profit. Long before a sale was ever made Coca-Cola had developed a forecast of consumer demand at different prices which inevitably determined whether or not the product came on the market, as well as the allocation of adequate money and resources to produce promote and distribute the product. Promotion is the third factor of marketing mix. The promotional mix is the combination of personal selling, advertising, sales promotion and public relations that it uses in its marketing plan. Above the line promotions refers to mainstream media: Advertising through common media such as television, radio, transport, and billboards and in newspapers and magazines. Because most of the target is most likely to be exposed to media such as television, radio and magazines, Coca-Cola has used this as the main form of promotion for extensive range of products. Although advertising is usually very expensive, it is the most effective way of reminding and exposing potential customers to Coca-Cola Products. Coca-Cola also utilizes below the line promotions such as contests, coupons, and free samples. These activities are an effective way of getting people to give your product. The last factor of marketing mix is place. The place refers to distribution of the ways of getting the product to the market. The distribution of products starts with the producer and ends with the consumer. The Coca-Cola Company sells its products to bottling and canning operations, distributors, fountain wholesalers and some fountain retailers. These then distributes them to retail outlets, milk bar and corner stores, restaurants, petrol stations and newsagents. There are two Place strategies which are indirect distribution and intensive distribution. The Coca-Cola Company uses intermediaries in indirect distribution. That is the company does not sell its products directly to its consumers. The Coca-Cola Company uses the intensive distribution strategy. The business’s products are sold in almost every outlet including retail outlets, small shops, restaurants, petrol stations, newsagents, schools, sports and entertainment venues from vending machines. 3.6 Positioning Positioning mean the process by which marketers try to create an image or identity in the minds of their target market for its product, brand, or organization. Positioning divided into two which are re-positioning and de-positioning. Re-positioning involves changing the identity of a product, relative to the identity of competing products, in the collective minds of the target market. De-positioning involves attempting to change the identity of competing products, relative to the identity of your own product, in the collective minds of the target market. Once a business has decided which segments of the market it will compete in, developed a clear picture of its target market and defined its product, the positioning strategy can be developed. Positioning is the process of creating, the image the product holds in the mind of consumers, relative to competing products. Coca-Cola and Franklins both make soft drinks; although Franklins may try to compete they will still be seen as down market from Coca-Cola. Positioning helps customers understand what is unique about the products when compared with the competition. Coca-Cola plan to further create positions that will give their products the greatest advantage in their target markets. Coca-Cola has been positioned based on the process of positioning by direct comparison and have positioned their products to benefit their target market. Most people create an image of a product by comparing it to another product, thus evident through the famous battles between Coca-Cola and Pepsi products. 3.7 Factors that Influencing Consumer Choice When making decisions on products a business must look at factors that influence consumer choice such as psychological factors, Socio cultural factors, Economic factors and Government Factors. Psychological factors such as motivation, perception, lifestyle, personality and self concept, learning, and attitudes influence the consumer’s behavior towards a product and Coca-Cola has addressed this issue by introducing Diet Coke to satisfy different lifestyles. Socio cultural factors such as culture, subculture, socio-economic status, family and reference groups influence the consumer’s behavior towards a product. The family is probably the biggest influence on buying behavior. Marketers also need to focus product design and promotion of both males and females. When planning a marketing strategy, the marketing manager should know which member is the main decision-maker for the product so that promotion can direct at that person. Economic factors such as Disposable income and discretionary income. A person’s economic situation will influence the sorts of products they will buy. Economic situation is determined by a number of factors such as level of income, savings and ability to borrow. The more a person earns the greater their ability to buy goods and services. Coca-Cola has addressed this side of the influence by maintaining a low price on the price of its products. Government Factors such as new regulations, inflation, interest rates all influence consumer spending and choice. Decisions made by the government at all levels will have an effect on the buyer’s behavior. Government policies also influence the level of economic activity which affects consumer’s confidence and ability to borrow. 3.8 Innovation Innovation generally refers to the creation of better or more effective products, processes, technologies, or ideas that are accepted by markets, governments, and society. Innovation differs from invention or renovation in that innovation generally signifies a substantial positive change compared to incremental changes. Coca-Cola has been able to survive and grow in an ever-changing market because of its ability to systematically innovate and deliver new products. In the late 90s the company, typically showing earnings growth of 15-20% per year, turned in three straight years of falling profits. It was apparent that the market was changing and in order to keep up with these changes, Coca-Cola had to move from a single core product to a total beverage company. 3.9 Brand Development Strategy Brand development strategy of Coca-Cola has been far reaching and has managed to remain in the limelight ever since it became a favorite with the non alcoholic drinkers. It has been noticed that brand loyalty is an important factor in maintaining the number one position. It is often hard to say exactly why we buy one company product over another. Companies such as Nike and Adidas spend large amounts of money trying to win consumers away from their competitors who make products that are very similar. The popularity of the brand is often the deciding factor. Over the time Coca-Cola has spent millions of dollars developing and promoting their brand name, resulting in worldwide recognition. ‘Coca-Cola’ is the most recognized trademark, recognized by 94% of the world’s population and is the most widely recognized word after â€Å"OK†. Coca-Cola red and white colors and special writing are all examples of world-wide trademarks. There are a number of branding strategies: Generic brand strategy, Individual brand strategy, Family brand strategy, Manufacturer brand strategy, Private brand strategy and Hybrid brand strategy. Coca-Cola utilizes the Individual brand strategy as Coca-Cola major products are given their own brand names e.g Fanta, Sprite, Coca-Cola etc although they may be presented as different lines they operate under the name of Coca-Cola. 3.10 Implementing, Monitoring and Controlling Implementation is the process of turning plans into actions, and involves all the activities that put the marketing plan to work. Successful implementation depends on how well the business blends its people, organizational structure and company culture into a cohesive program that supports the marketing plan. For its further success, Coca-Cola must impose several key changes. Production needs to be on time and meet the quota demanded from wholesalers. It must also be efficient so as not to build inventory stocks and inventory prices. The marketing needs to be motivated and knowledgeable about the product. The forms of promotion such as advertising must be attracting and enticing to the target market to get the greatest amount of exposure possible for the product. This will ensure the success of the product in the stores. Distribution of the product must be efficient. This problem has already been taken care of with convenient transport routes to commercial areas and transport already being arranged. Monitoring and controlling allows the business to check for variance in the budget and actual. This is important because it allows Coca-Cola to take the necessary actions to meet the marketing objectives. There are three tools Coca-Cola should use to monitor the marketing plan which are Sales Analysis, Market Share Analysis, Marketing Profitability Analysis. The sales analysis breaks down total business sales by market segments to identify strengths and weaknesses in the different areas of sales. Sellers of Coca-Cola products vary from major retail supermarkets to small corner stores. This gives the products maximum exposure to customers at their convenience. Market share analysis compares Coca-Cola business sales performance with that of its competitors. Coca-Cola looks to increase its market share by over 60%. With the changes Coca-Cola is currently undergoing, they aim to regain an iron fist control of the market. Target market various age groups and lifestyles from high school students too universities, and male or female. This analysis looks at the cost side of marketing and the profitability of products, sales territories, market segments and sales people. There are three ratios to monitor marketing profitability; they are market research to sales, advertising to sales and sales representatives to sales. The results of these three tools can help Coca-Cola determine any emerging trends, such as the need for a different product. Comparing these results with actual results gives the business an idea on when to change. 4.0 Market Problems 4.1 Health Problem Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink. Since studies indicate â€Å"soda and sweetened drinks are the main source of calories in the American diet†, most nutritionists advise that Coca-Cola and other soft drinks can be harmful if consumed excessively, particularly to young children whose soft drink consumption competes with rather than complements a balanced diet. Studies have shown that regular soft drink users have a lower intake of calcium, magnesium, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and vitamin A. A common criticism of Coca-Cola based on its allegedly toxic acidity levels has been found to be baseless by researchers; lawsuits based on these notions have been dismissed by several American courts for this reason. Although numerous court cases have been filed against The Coca-Cola Company since the 1920s, alleging that the acidity of the drink is dangerous, no evidence corroborating this claim has been found. Frequent exposure of teeth to acidic drinks increases the risk of tooth damage through dental erosion. This form of tooth decay is unrelated to dental caries. Consume too much of carbonated soft drink will threatening kidney, increase diabetes risk, Increase obesity risk and others diseases that will affect our healthy. The people with diabetes to consume sugar is strictly prohibited because the hormone insulin in the body is not enough, not even able to convert these sugars into the muscle sugar (glycogen). As a result, blood sugar (glucose) will be increased and dangerous. Carbonated drinks rich in calories. Calories that enter the body can increase the risk of obesity. 4.2 Competitors Coca-Cola Company has many competitors in the soft drink industry, such as Pepsi, Sarsi and so on. The main competitor of Coca-Cola Company is Pepsi. Pepsi is clearly a market challenger to market leader Coca-Cola Company. Pepsi’s trendy advertising featuring American pop stars, from Michael Jackson to Britney Spears is clearly geared towards American young consumers. On other hand, Coca-Cola Company‘s approach to the market has traditionally been more wholesome relying â€Å"more heavily on images of happiness and togetherness, tradition, and nationalism.† However Pepsi has made its share of blunders as well. Pepsi Blue, a blue, berry-flavored version, has gone the way of Pepsi soft drink disasters, Crystal Pepsi and Pepsi Clear had been discontinued. Around the world, there are many local brands compete with Coke. In South and Central America Kola Real, known as Big Cola in Mexico, is a growing competitor to Coca-Cola. On the French island of Corsica, Corsica Cola, made by brewers of the local Pietra beer, is a growing competitor to Coca-Cola. In the French region of Brittany, Breizh Cola is available In India, Coca-Cola ranked third behind the leader, Pepsi-Cola, and local drink Thums Up. 4.3 Environmental Impacts In December 1990, Coca-Cola Company announced that they would begin using recycled plastics (PET) in their bottles, but they have not followed through. The technology to make 100% recycled-content plastic bottles has been available in the United States since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration gave its approval in 1994 for food contact applications. Coca-Cola Company is abandoning the decades old practice of packaging its soft drinks in recycled content containers like aluminum cans and glass bottles in favor of non-recycled plastic. Coca-Cola Company no use the PET in their bottles cause the plastic waste is increasing ten times faster than recycling of plastic soda bottles. The packaging chooses by Coca-Cola Company seriously effect health and environmental impacts. Coca-Cola’s plastic soda bottle in particular, stem from extraction of non-renewable resources, energy consumption in manufacturing and in the refining of raw materials and industrial processes used to produce plastics have seriously effect health and environmental impacts. 5.0 Recommendation 5.1 Health Problem Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink. As we know that consume too much of the carbonated soft drink will threatening our kidney, increase diabetes risk, increase obesity risk and others diseases. Coca-Cola Company should put more effort on innovation of new product that good for health. Coca-Cola Company can produce sugar free or less sugar Cola-Cola product. Coca-Cola Company has success produce sugar free Coca-Cola product such as Coca-Cola Light. Besides, Coca-Cola also creates Coca-Cola Zero which is low-calorie compare with other Coca-Cola product. Besides, Coca-Cola Company can keep launch low-calorie and no-calorie product. The ingredients use must be in high-quality and can be part of a healthy, balanced diet. Coca-Cola Company can also help consumers manage calorie by introduce smaller packaging sizes in markets to make sure that consumer will no consume too much at one time. In addition, Coca-Cola Company can try to produce isotonic sport drinks that have not produce before. Isotonic sport drinks can reduce the risk of water intoxication by replenishing fluids and electrolytes in a ratio similar to that normally found in the human body. It is good for health. 5.2 Competitors The Coca-Cola Company is the world’s leading soft drink manufacturer. Coca-Cola Company has many competitors in the soft drink industry. The main competitor of Coca-Cola Company is Pepsi. Coca-Cola have difference competitor at difference country. Coca-Cola Company must understand the culture of a country before they launch their product. Coca-Cola Company need to know their product name sounds good or not according to the language and the meaning of their name at the country. If Coca-Cola Company do not know the culture of a country, Coca-Cola Company is hard to defeat the competitor at that country. Besides, Coca-Cola Company can launch a product that has not launched by others competitors before. Coca-Cola Company can try to produce new taste of Coca-Cola soft drink. The creativity of a company is very importance in innovative a new product to defeat their competitors. Coca-Cola can try mix the fruit taste they have not mix before to produce a new product that their competitors have not produce. In addition, Coca-Cola Company can also have a promotion to promote their product. Promotion can be discount promotion, free gift promotion, lucky draw promotion and so on. Most of the consumer like buy goods when have promotion. Coca-Cola can use promotion strategic to defeat their competitors. 5.3 Environmental Impacts In December 1990, Coca-Cola Company announced that they would begin using recycled plastics in their bottles, but they have not followed through. Coca-Cola Company no use the recycle plastic in their bottles cause the plastic waste is increasing ten times faster than recycling of plastic soda bottles and seriously effect health and environment impacts. Coca-Cola Company Should uses the recycle plastic in their bottles to reduce the increasing the plastic waste. Plastic waste can be reducing by recycling the plastic bottle and produce new plastic bottle. If Coca-Cola Company still uses non-recycle plastic in their bottle, the plastic waste will keep increasing and the raw material for producing plastic will decreasing. This will cause lack of material to produce others plastic product. Besides, recycled plastic can reduces all of the associated health and environmental impacts compared to production of non-recycle plastic from raw materials. When Coca-Cola Company use non recycle plastic, extraction of non-renewable resources like oil and gas for the plastics industry occur. Highly energy intensive consumption in manufacturing when production of non-recycle plastic. Furthermore the refining of raw materials and industrial processes used to produce plastics associated materials generate toxic chemicals posing a risk to worker safety and public health. So, Coca-Cola Company should use recycle plastic to solve this problem. 6.0 Conclusion Nowadays, Coca-Cola Company is a very successful beverage company because of their market success factors. The market success factors of Coca-Cola Company are market research, market analysis, selecting target market, SWOT analysis, marketing mix and so on. The Coca-Cola Company faces some market problems such as health effect, competitors and environmental impact. We have suggested Coca-Cola Company solve their health problem by launch sugar free, sugar less, low-calorie and no-calorie product. Coca-Cola Company understands the culture of a country and launches a product that has not launched by others competitors before. Finally, Coca-Cola Company must use recycle plastic in their bottle to solve environmental impact. From the report, we learn the market success factors of Coca-Cola Company and their history. We know about the Coca-Cola Company problems and the ways to solve their problems. 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(2011) Retrieved October 24, 2011 from http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/

The Ides of March

The Ides of March (Eidus Martiae in Latin) is a day on the traditional Roman calendar that corresponds to the date of March 15th on our current calendar. Today the date is commonly associated with bad luck, a reputation that it earned at the end of the reign of the Roman emperor Julius Caesar (100–43 BCE). A Warning In 44 BCE, Julius Caesars rule in Rome was in trouble. Caesar was a demagogue, a ruler who set his own rules, frequently bypassing the Senate to do what he liked, and finding supporters in the Roman proletariat and his soldiers. The Senate made Caesar dictator for life in February of that year, but in truth, he had been the military dictator governing Rome from the field since 49. When he returned to Rome, he kept his stringent rules. According to the Roman historian Suetonius (690–130 CE), the haruspex (seeress) Spurinna warned Caesar in mid-February 44, telling him that the next 30 days were to be fraught with peril, but the danger would end on the Ides of March. When they met on the Ides of March Caesar said you are aware, surely, that the Ides of March have passed and Spurinna responded, surely you realize that they have not yet passed? CAESAR to SOOTHSAYER: The Ides of March are come. SOOTHSAYER (softly): Ay, Caesar, but not gone. —Shakespeares Julius Caesar What Are Ides, Anyway? The Roman calendar did not number days of an individual month sequentially from first to last as is done today. Rather than sequential numbering, the Romans counted backward from three specific points in the lunar month, depending on the length of the month. Those points were the Nones (which fell on the fifth in months with 30 days and the seventh day in 31-day months), the Ides (the thirteenth or the fifteenth), and the Kalends (the first of the following month). The Ides typically occurred near a month’s midpoint; specifically on the fifteenth in March. The length of the month was determined by the number of days in the moons cycle: Marchs Ides date was determined by the full moon. Why Caesar Had to Die There were said to be several plots to kill Caesar and for a multitude of reasons. According to Suetonius, the Sybelline Oracle had declared that Parthia could only be conquered by a Roman king, and the Roman consul Marcus Aurelius Cotta was planning to call for Caesar to be named king in mid-March. The senators feared Caesars power, and that he might overthrow the Senate in favor of general tyranny. Brutus and Cassius, the main conspirators in the plot to kill Caesar, were magistrates of the Senate, and as they would not be allowed to either oppose the crowning of Caesar nor remain silent, they had to kill him. A Historical Moment Before Caesar went to the theater of Pompey to attend the Senate meeting, he had been given advice not to go, but he did not listen. Doctors had advised him not to go for medical reasons, and his wife, Calpurnia, also did not want him to go based off of troubling dreams that she had. On the Ides of March, 44 BCE, Caesar was murdered, stabbed to death by the conspirators near the Theatre of Pompey where the Senate was meeting. Caesar’s assassination transformed Roman history, as it was a central event in marking the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire. His assassination resulted directly in the Liberator’s Civil War, which was waged to avenge his death. With Caesar gone, the Roman Republic did not last long and was eventually replaced by the Roman Empire, which lasted approximately 500 years. The initial two centuries of the Roman Empire’s existence were known to be a time of supreme and unprecedented stability and prosperity. The time period came to be known as â€Å"Roman Peace.† Anna Perenna Festival Before it became notorious as the day of Caesars death, the Ides of March was a day of religious observations on the Roman calendar, and it is possible that the conspirators chose the date because of that. In ancient Rome, a festival for Anna Perenna (Annae festum geniale Pennae) was held on the Ides of March. Perenna was a Roman deity of the circle of the year. Her festival originally concluded the ceremonies of the new year, as March was the first month of the year on the original Roman calendar. Thus, Perenna’s festival was celebrated enthusiastically by the common people with picnics, eating, drinking, games, and general revelry. The Anna Perenna festival was, like many Roman carnivals, a time when celebrants could subvert traditional power relations between social classes and gender roles  when people were allowed to speak freely about sex and politics. Most importantly the conspirators could count on the absence of at least a part of the proletariat from the center of the city, while others would be watching the gladiators games. Sources Balsdon, J. P. V. D. The Ides of March. Historia: Zeitschrift Fà ¼r Alte Geschichte 7.1 (1958): 80-94. Print.Horsfall N. 1974. The Ides of March: Some New Problems. Greece Rome 21(2):191-199.Horsfall, Nicholas. The Ides of March: Some New Problems. Greece Rome 21.2 (1974): 191-99. Print.Newlands, Carole. Transgressive Acts: Ovids Treatment of the Ides of March. Classical Philology 91.4 (1996): 320-38. Print.Ramsey, John T. Beware the Ides of March!: An Astrological Prediction? The Classical Quarterly 50.2 (2000): 440-54. Print.

The Consequences of the Age of Exploration Essay - 517 Words

The Age of Discovery, also known by others as the â€Å"Age of Exploration†, was a period starting in the 15th century, lasting for over 200 years, and was conceived by the pioneer Portuguese and Spanish explorers in their search for precious metals and very costly spices, such as saffron and cardamom. Although the expansion of knowledge about the world was a good intention, it ultimately turned out be have extremely severe consequences, which its effects are still being suffered to this day! First of all, â€Å"Why were there consequences?†. During the Age of Exploration, there were corrupt governments and inside them, corrupt officials. These greedy, nefarious bureaucrats were responsible for the driving force behind searching not only for†¦show more content†¦Why were spices used and valued so highly? First recorded around 1200 B.C. with the Egyptians, spices were used for a variety of purposes. The Romans and the Jews used spices for burial, which helped preserve corpses. Others, like the early Anglo-Saxons in modern Great Britain, used them to cover the bad taste of spoiled food. With this extreme demand, the number of spice traders and sailors grew exponentially over time. Beginning in 1419, Prince Henry of Portugal, also known as â€Å"The Navigator†, began financing sailors, mapmakers, and shipbuilders that were devoted to finding new lands. These men were from different nationalities, ranging from Italy, Arabia, and Germany. Their primary focus was to sail around Africa, and land in India. Although at first they failed to go to India, they were successful in sailing down the west African coast, which was the beginning for one of the worse trades in the history of mankind, which is slavery. In 1444, the first 200 slaves from Africa were shipped to Portugal. Later, in 1488, Portuguese captain Bartholemeu Dias sailed around Africa, passing by the Cape of Good Hope. One decade later, Vasco de Gama went farther than Dias and came back to Portugal loaded with spices from the East. Then the Spanish came along. Unlike Portugal, that based its empire off of naval capabilities, the Spanish based theirs off conquest and colonization. There were many Sp anish conquistadors, but the most famous of them all is ChristopherShow MoreRelatedThe Age Of Exploration And Its Effect On Religion1636 Words   |  7 Pages The age of exploration was was an extremely essential part of history.The age of exploration led to countless advances in science. The age of exploration also led to vast expansions of countries territory and vastly increased their power. From the the people who explored the new land to the one who seized and controlled the land. All of this was essential for the age of exploration to exist. The age of of exploration all started for only three simple reasons. 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Social Work Career And Job Search - 1193 Words

Social Work Career and Job Search In today’s society, one of the most expansive fields is that of social work. In almost every aspect of life, from birth until death, social workers can utilize their knowledge, strengths and abilities to help a wide variety of people with a wide variety of problems. Social workers can be found almost anywhere, including schools and universities, hospitals and government agencies. Each position has a unique set of skills that are needed in order to serve that portion of society’s needs. Social Work on a National Scale According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the social worker profession is expected to grow by 19% between the year 2012 and 2022. This is thought to be faster than the average for any†¦show more content†¦Types of degrees required in the social work field. The social work field has a variety of positions available to meet the occupational desires of many different people. Most occupations in this field require either a Bachelor’s degree or a Master’s degree. The position that I found that was of the most interest to me, which required a Bachelor’s degree, was Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists, although the majority of the positions that were of any interest to me all required a Master’s degree. These included rehabilitation counselors and mental health counselors. The social work career on a local scale. While doing my research, I struggled to find social work positions that interested me that were in or around Fresno. I decided to extend my search through California. There were multiple openings in and around the Los Angeles area. One such position was a Case Worker and it is in the city of Gardena in California. The pay rate for this position is $21 dollars an hour and a Master’s degree is required. In this position, the case worker would be assessing youth on bio-psycho-social factors, and assessing their risk of delinquency. The case worker would also help to create and put in to action a service plan for their individual clients, and make referrals to any corresponding agencies. It would also be mandatory for the case worker to fill out any required documents

Comprehensive Review of e-learning Material

Marketing Research Beliefs, Types and Uses Effective Application of Marketing Research beliefs in Opal Aged Care Market research can be referred to as efforts dedicated towards collecting information on target markets and competitors, initiated by an organization. There are some very important beliefs in regard to market research and these beliefs happen to drive the core marketing research process on the basis of sequential steps. It is generally believed that market research is based on three fundamental processes namely gathering information, recording the gathered information and analyzing the same. The main objectives of the above mentioned three processes are recognition of opportunities and threats, measurement of consumer attitudes and behaviors and benchmarking (YouTube, 2014). These marketing research beliefs can be used by Opal Aged Care for assessing the future demands of aged care services in context to impacts of population aging, increasing diversity of older generations and status of availability of aged health care services in the industry. Effective Application of Primary and Secondary Research in Opal Aged Care Primary research technique involves collection of information via surveys conducted through telephone, email, post mail, fax or direct interview with the industry specific interest groups. In Opal Aged Care, primary research aids in gaining information regarding the changing needs and requirements of the aged clients so as to make suitable alternations in the products and services delivered. Secondary research involves collection of information from sources like internet, books, journals or articles. Secondary research aids in getting information regarding recent developments in Aged Care Services that are capable of altering and increasing the demands of the clients. Opal Aged Care can use this information to bring relevant modifications in services and promoting the same in the form of a new version (YouTube, 2013). Uses of marketing research to Opal Aged Care At Opal Aged Care, critical information is provided by market research and this information aid in formulation and implementation of market strategy. It also aids in understanding the opportunities that the company can capitalize upon to attain, retain and satisfy the target market. The uses of marketing research at Opal Aged care takes increases to a great extent when the company uses the theory of SWOT analysis in market research (YouTube, 2014). Strengths Weaknesses Dependency rate is increasing Reduction in accommodation costs has increased the demands for the services. Good competitive advantage in form of superior service quality at reasonable prices. Complexities due to involvement of multiple agencies and governmental departments. The existing programs are not sufficiently capable of considering the changing needs and preferences. Opportunities Threats Large and well diverse client base. Government subsidies have increased. Increasing support from different non government organizations. Increasing support from various government bodies. Frequent changes in funding and regulatory mechanisms. Frequent changes in needs and preferences of clients. Control policies of the government in the form of competition control and customer choice control. The above stated SWOT analysis fulfils the fundamental reasons of conducting market research. Opal Aged Care can confirm long term market sustainability by understanding its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats so that proper initiatives can be taken to ensure efficiency and long term service provision ability. Marketing Research Process of Opal Aged Care The Process involved in Market Research The marketing research process of Opal Aged Care consists of five important steps. In the first step, collection of data on the dynamics of target market and competitor activities are collected through primary and secondary research. The second step is data processing that involves, scanning through the data, retraining relevant data, cancelling out useless data and systematically arranging the same to convert it into relevant information. The third step involves analysis of the data so as to understand the implications of the same (Whatismarketresearch.com, 2014). Data analysis aids in coming to verdict about whether or not the aims and objectives of the research have been fulfilled. The fourth step is called information evaluation in which the results of the research are crossed checked so as to ensure that they are correct and effective. Questions covered by market research of Oval Aged Care Aged care is associated with delicate quality and cost effective services. Formulations of questions needs to consider the fact that the demand side of the aged care market is facing emerging challenges and the companies like Opal Aged care that are operating in this industry should know the ways to overcome these challenges (Whatismarketresearch.com, 2013). Therefore, the market research question of Oval Aged Care tries to find out answers to Who the target audiences are? What are the needs and wants of the market? Which are the potential areas? What type of distribution channel is suitable? What are the reasons for which the products or services will be sold? Who are the competitors? How to increase attractiveness of the services? What can be the best strategy for competitive advantage? Cases where Market Research can be Used Three cases have been identified where market research can be used so as to understand the probability of getting success in that specific context. Firstly, Oval aged care can use market research to find out the viability of its business in case it wants to geographically expand in a foreign country. Secondly, if the company perceives that its services are superior than that of the its competitors, then it can conduct a market research to know whether the customers perceptions are similar or different (Whatismarketresearch.com, 2012). The third condition is where the company estimates that launching a new service is viable only when the same increase profit by 12% and thus the company wants a market survey to know whether the new service can actually increase the profits by 12%. Future of Marketing Research Opal Aged Care knows the fact that improved medical technology has increased human longevity to a great extent and there is a huge demand for aged care services due to this increased longevity. To respond to this increasing trend, the company focuses on future to improve upon its marketing research techniques. It has been realized on the part of the company that it has to build up its future market research on the pillars of planning, designing, formulation, user experience, strategy, innovation and marketing (YouTube, 2014). This will aid the company to understand opportunities of market expansion in terms of services, geographical existence, changing requirements and changing challenges. With increasing pressure on the supply side to be more responsive, flexible and efficient, the company has decided to add many important elements in the process of market research to be executed in future. These additional features are market tracking, brand equity research, eye tracking, name testing, decision process assessment, concept testing, demand estimation and copy testing (Emanuel and Fruchey, 2007). The company anticipates that aged people will be in high need to access a lot of services to stay independent in the community. Moreover, the rate of quick shifting from one service to the other will also be more prevalent. As a result of this the future marketing researches of Opal Aged Care will include the concepts of customer SAT, marketing effectiveness, internet strategic intelligence, positioning, research, mystery shopping, online panel research, viral marketing, segmentation and crowd sourcing (YouTube, 2014). Market Survey and Sampling at Opal Aged Care In this section, market survey and sampling method of Opal Aged care have been highlighted in details so as to understand the methods or techniques that are applied by the company to fulfill the aims and objectives of the marketing researches. Market Sampling The aged population of UK is large and dispersed. Therefore, a small but relevant portion of the aged population is approached to conduct the survey and get the results quickly. In general, 1/10th of the total aged population of UK is used as a sample (YouTube, 2014). The reasons behind choosing such a proportion of the entire population as sample are that sampling error comes down below the acceptable limit and reasonable numbers of subsets are available. Moreover, time and resources available for conduction of a market research are limited most of the times and a small sample aids in coping up with such sort of limitations. Types of Sampling used Opal aged care uses both probability and non probability sampling for conducting different marketing surveys as per specific requirements. Probability sampling uses statistical methods. The chances of involvement in the survey are equal for each member of the population. Mainly two types of probability sampling is used but the company namely, simple random sampling and stratified sampling. In simple random sampling, sample is selected from manual or computer generated list of random numbers and every member of the list have equal chances of selection (YouTube, 2014). In stratified sampling, the population is divided in to strata mainly as per age group. For example, 40% of the total sample may contain people belonging to the age group of 60 to 75 years and the rest 60% 75 to 90 years. The criteria of division are taken in such a way that they are internally homogeneous and easily distinguishable from other strata. Criteria based division aids in framing the sample and aids in relating to the major topics of the sample. Moreover, stratification aids in increasing the efficiency of representation thereby reducing sampling error. On the other hand, in non probability sampling, selection of sample is done with the aid of non random techniques and human judgment. The company uses non probability sampling in the form of quota sampling. In quota sampling, the interviewer chooses people who pass a particular criterion such as a particular age group or sex. The quotas are often linked such as women belonging to the age group of 60 to 75 or men belonging to the age group of 75 to 90. Quota samples are good representatives of population but estimation of sampling error is very difficult. Questionnaires and their application in Opal Aged Care? Questionnaire A questionnaire can be referred to as a research tool or instrument that comprises of a number of questions and used for the purpose of information collection from respondents (Converse and Presser, 1986). There are mainly two types of questionnaires namely descriptive questionnaire and analytical questionnaire. Descriptive questionnaire is used to collect detailed and in-depth information from the respondents in light to their, views, experiences and perceptions. On the other hand, analytical questionnaire is used to find out relationship between two variables. Factors Considered in Questionnaire Designing As far as Opal Aged Care under consideration is concerned, there are a lot of factors that are taken into account in the process of formation of the survey questionnaire. The company keeps this mind that the respondents are mainly aged people and thus tries to keep the questionnaire framework easy and sample (Cook, 1983). The factors considered by the company are questionnaire administration, questionnaire design, type of response and questionnaire lay out. Opal Aged Care uses mainly descriptive questionnaire for conducting its market survey (Suskie, 1996). In addition to this, the companys self administered questionnaire involves online questionnaire and interview type questionnaire involves telephone interviews and face to face interviews. In the process of designing the questionnaires, the factors that are kept in mind on the part of the company are attributes, experiences, behaviors, respondent knowledge and opinions (YouTube, 2014). The questions are designed in such a way that both open and closed ended answers can be obtained. This is because open ended answers are helpful in gaining detailed information and closed ended answers aids in reducing wastage of time where detailed information is not required. As far as layout of the questionnaire is concerned, it consists of clear instructions, meaningful sequence and transitional statements so that it becomes easier for the respondents to understand and interpret what has been asked to them and how they should proceed to answer the questions (YouTube, 2014). References Brace, I. (2008). Questionnaire design. 1st ed. London: Kogan Page. Converse, J. and Presser, S. (1986). Survey questions. 1st ed. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. Cook, J. (1983). Survey of marketing programs in long-term care/residential homes for the aged, Greater Cincinnati, Ohio Area. 1st ed. Emanuel, P. and Fruchey, I. (2007). Biological detectors. 1st ed. [Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md.]: Edgewood Chemical Biological Center. Suskie, L. (1996). Questionnaire survey research. 1st ed. Tallahassee, Fla.: Association for Institutional Research. Whatismarketresearch.com, (2014). What is Market Research | An Informative Knowledge Base. YouTube, (2014). Future of Marketing Research.mp4. YouTube, (2014). Marketing Briefs: What is Market Research?. YouTube, (2014). Sampling. Part 2 of 2 on Surveys and Sampling. YouTube, (2014). What is a Questionnaire?.

Wine and Cheesse an Example by

Wine and Cheesse Most of you can be familiar with wine and cheese as your typical cocktails and horderves. But have you ever really thought of making more inquiry with regards to your wine and cheese? Did you know that there are a lot of trivial things you can find out about the relationship of wine and cheese? Well, first of all cheese is really the natural enemy of wine. This is because of the high-fat content in cheese that leaves a gooey film in our mouths that would make it difficult for us to taste wine. The saltiness in cheese would also highlight our perception of tannin, thus making big red wines taste absurdly dry, clumsy, and unappetizing. Surprising as it may seem salt amplifies the tannin in wine, as much as it amplifies the flavors in food. Need essay sample on "Wine and Cheesse" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Thankfully, there are wines that are made with special powers that help so that we wont encounter these problems. Certain cheeses can partner well with wine of similar taste profiles. One example would be blue cheese and sweet wines. This is because blue cheese is very salty, thus making this salty and sweet combination perfect for each other. Others simply contrast as previously mentioned. An example of this would be creamy cheeses like Brie and Old World Pinot Noi. This is because of the rich, runny texture and nutty flavor of such cheeses has the tendency to be offset by Pinots refreshing acidity and warm fruit flavors. In order to put wine and cheese together, you should be able to find the kind of wine that would be perfect for cheese. That would not be hard to find given that wine is generally put in a dining table to compliment what ever you are eating. As opposed to cheese which an all time snacking favorite. If your wondering what kind of wine would fit cheese well in general, that would be sweet wines. This because sweet wines are extremely low in tannin, sweet wines dont contrast with the goo, and their sweetness is the best possible foil to cheeses characteristic saltiness. There are a wide variety of cheese that we can choose from to satisfy our snacking needs. One would creamy cheeses which as previously mentioned could be seen in Brie, creamy cheeses as mentioned in their name is generally creamy, this is due to their high fat content. Theyre among the most difficult to pair with wine. Another is Goat Cheese. Goat cheese just a bit firmer than creamy cheese. Its usually quite aromatic. Another in the group of cheeses is the Semisoft Cheese. Again from the name itself these cheeses are slightly soft. This is the kind of cheese that is most of the time overlooked in the cheese industry. It is mostly made up of cows and sheeps milk cheeses, they have a nutty richness to them thats fabulous with a number of wines, especially rich whites. We also have hard cheese, a cheese category that blends well with red wine. In case you are still confused on how to pair up your wine and cheese, regional pairings is what you would want to do. Its called regional pairing because you pair up the wine and cheese that was grown and made in the same area. Its the easiest way to pair them up since it has been highly recommended by its producers due to their familiarity with the taste. All in all, you have to learn to trust your instincts after taking into consideration the basic factors in wine and cheese for the most pleasant dining experience with the two diverse elements of food Reference: Courtney Cochran (2007) divine caroline: Bonus Round: Wine and Cheese Retrieved October 28, 2007